They believe that this expedition serves for the greater good of Britain.
The Brits did not make it to the North Pole as the first country, so they sought honour and fame for being the first people ever to reach the South Pole.
What is Scott’s main concern at the very end? His main concern might be that he hopes that they doesn’t die in a painfull way, and althrough he wants to struggle to the end, he has to realize that they are very near the end.
The Englishmen can just as easily as any other people endure hardships, help eachother out, and meet death with great fortitude. They can take risks, even though the world is against them. They are willing to give their lives to the enterprise, for honour to their country. He is saying that the Englishmen are quite superior.
How does he account for the failure of the expedition?
The cause of the failed expedition, was not lack of skill, but an extremely unfortunate chain of events that led to disaster. A combination of choosing the wrong tools for the party and the bad weather they encountered during the expedition, even though they had started off in the “warm” season.
The force and chill of the gale winds forced them to stay in one location using up their vital resources. First the ponies failed, and later they had problems with fuel for their experimental motor sledges.
Why does Scott address it “to the public”? Try to define who he means by “the public”.
He hopes that someone will find them and then see the letter which is adressed to the public, they can publish. Then people can read about how they struggled and kept hoping to the end.
It is to the people at home, in England, so they knew what Scott and his team had to go through. It is so the public can read about their story, so they can understand why Scott and his team didn’t went to England again.